Project aim

BuiLD examines how children acquire and process language in bilingual contexts and in developmental language disorder (DLD). We focus on how input (what children hear) and uptake (what children learn from it) jointly shape language outcomes—while considering rich individual differences.

Child bilingualism Heritage language development Developmental Language Disorder Input & uptake Individual differences

What we aim to understand

Our overarching goal is to characterise the mechanisms that support successful language development in bilingual children, and to identify why some children experience persistent difficulties. We combine experimental methods with detailed profiles of children’s language experience and cognitive resources.

1) Input

Quantify children’s language environments (amount, consistency, and quality of exposure across languages) and connect these measures to language growth.

2) Uptake

Identify how children extract patterns from the input—through learning, prediction, and adaptation—using controlled tasks that target grammar, vocabulary, and real-time processing.

3) Language disorder

Understand how DLD interacts with bilingual experience: which difficulties are shared with monolingual DLD, which are shaped by bilingual input, and which profiles predict longer-term outcomes.

How we study it

Language tasks

Standardised measures and targeted experiments on grammar, vocabulary, and narrative skills.

Eye-tracking

Visual-world paradigms to measure moment-by-moment interpretation and prediction.

Production tasks

Elicted production of sentence structures via picture/video descriptions.

Questionnaires

Detailed profiles of input, use, dominance shifts, and sociolinguistic context.

Individual differences

Memory, attention, inhibition, and learning measures to explain variability in outcomes.

Open science

Transparent workflows, preregistration where appropriate, and shareable materials.

Interested in participating?

We work with bilingual children (with and without DLD) and welcome collaboration with researchers, schools, and community partners.

Meet the team See our studies